Crab
C. Louis Kervran (1901 - 1983) and Biological Transmutations
There has been a mystery concerning the formation of the shellfish carapace. It has been said that the animal "fixes" the calcium of the sea, but this is another unfounded assertion.
One day my grandchildren brought me a crab that was in the process of molting; it was a soft mass. So that it would continue to live, we placed it in a cave containing a very small amount of seawater. The next day it had already acquired a firmer carapace, which was completed the day after. In approximately thirty hours a crab forms its carapace, which, for a 17 X 10 cm size, weighs 350 grams. The calcium content of seawater is very small (on the average, Ca = 0.042%). The molting shellfish is unprotected from marine animals and, being very vulnerable, it hides and does not hunt.
A body analysis of the crab has shown that its hepato-pancreas alone stocks a small amount of limestone (calcium carbonate) before the molting, but that its carapace contains forty times more limestone than its pancreas. Then?
We have seen that the magnesium (and potassium) found in seawater (5% magnesium salts and 0.5% potassium salts) can give calcium and that it is essentially magnesium, which is utilized by the shellfish to make its carapace.
At the Maritime Laboratory of Roscoff, a crayfish was put in a seawater basin from which limestone had been removed by precipitation; the animal made its shell anyway.
Chemical analysis made on animals secreting their shells has revealed that limestone is formed on the outer side of a membrane although on the opposite side of the membrane, where matter enters, there is no limestone. This fact has left specialists perplexed.
Of course, scientists who have been experimenting in this field are criticized by other analysts; that is in the order of things. But the innovator is not always wrong; nothing is perfect (the perfect being inaccessible to man) and someone will always find a point to criticize, for that is how progress is made. I will therefore refrain from claiming that the methods I have used thus far are perfect. However, I judge results valuable when they are of relative value when measured against variations obtained by the same method.
I have accepted the research of the authors cited, insofar as they provide strong guarantees. With this research the chemists-biologists demonstrate, themselves, that with regard to living matter there are inadequacies in Lavoisier's law concerning the conservation of matter. Thesis judges concur with them, thus showing that our conclusions concerning the failure of Lavoisier's law in the field of biology are beginning to be officially admitted.
taken from: C. L. Kervran: Biological Transmutations, ch. 8
Transmutation
Re: Transmutation - Worm
Earthworms
The earthworms' role has long been ignored. They were thought to be good only for the mechanical function of making the soil lighter. Notwithstanding, some research workers have demonstrated that annelids modify the chemical composition of the earth.
In his "Treatise on Microbiology of the Soil"* Pochon, of the Institut Pasteur, gives various experimental results. The earthworms increase the quantity of limestone in the soil. Their glands excrete CO3Ca so that the pH of soil containing earthworms increases. Earthworms are most abundant in neutral or slightly acidic soil and can be found in good soil by the hundreds of thousands per acre. Some authors declare that each worm ingests l/l0th of a gram of earth per second, which is three tons per year. Darwin gives a higher figure, but one should be careful with such calculations since earthworms have resting periods in winter and in dry seasons. Other believable figures, which resulted from observations made in England, indicate that a field of earthworms rejects an average of 57 tons/ha/year (23 tons per acre per year): the equivalent of four spreadings of farm manure per year. But this constitutes only the amount of earth rejected on the soil's surface. One cannot deduce from this the exact weight of earth having passed through the digestive tube of each worm. Compared to the surrounding soil, these rejected excrements were five times richer in nitrogen, two times richer in calcium, two-and-a-half times richer in magnesium, seven times richer in phosphorus, and eleven times richer in potassium.
[*Dunod Publ. (Paris 1954).]
taken from: Louis Kervran: Biological Transmutations, chapter 11
The earthworms' role has long been ignored. They were thought to be good only for the mechanical function of making the soil lighter. Notwithstanding, some research workers have demonstrated that annelids modify the chemical composition of the earth.
In his "Treatise on Microbiology of the Soil"* Pochon, of the Institut Pasteur, gives various experimental results. The earthworms increase the quantity of limestone in the soil. Their glands excrete CO3Ca so that the pH of soil containing earthworms increases. Earthworms are most abundant in neutral or slightly acidic soil and can be found in good soil by the hundreds of thousands per acre. Some authors declare that each worm ingests l/l0th of a gram of earth per second, which is three tons per year. Darwin gives a higher figure, but one should be careful with such calculations since earthworms have resting periods in winter and in dry seasons. Other believable figures, which resulted from observations made in England, indicate that a field of earthworms rejects an average of 57 tons/ha/year (23 tons per acre per year): the equivalent of four spreadings of farm manure per year. But this constitutes only the amount of earth rejected on the soil's surface. One cannot deduce from this the exact weight of earth having passed through the digestive tube of each worm. Compared to the surrounding soil, these rejected excrements were five times richer in nitrogen, two times richer in calcium, two-and-a-half times richer in magnesium, seven times richer in phosphorus, and eleven times richer in potassium.
[*Dunod Publ. (Paris 1954).]
taken from: Louis Kervran: Biological Transmutations, chapter 11
Re: Transmutation
Variations on minerals in dried fruit
Here are some results, according to L. Randoin, of a few cases of variations in oligo elements:
In the dried chestnut, iron is multiplied by 2.3 and copper by 1.08, so that Fe/Cu = 1.33 in the fresh chestnut and 2.86 in the dried – a 117% increase. These findings seem to indicate that some copper became iron.
However, for the fig we have:
Fe/Cu = 1.50/0.06 = 25 in the fresh fruit
3.0/0.35 = 8.57 in the dried fruit
Hence Fe/Cu is 191 % higher in the fresh chestnut than in the dried. Iron only doubles, while the water content is 3.4 times less. On the other hand, copper increases 5.8 times. Thus, some iron disappeared and the amount of copper increased.
In the peach the concentration of mineral elements is five times greater; the water content is 3.58 times less. But it is not the same for the oligo elements.
The Fe/Cu ratio is:
0.40/0.05 = 8 in the fresh fruit
4.0/0.26 = 11.1 in the dried fruit
There is thus ten times more iron and five times more copper, indicating that the very noticeable variation of Fe/Cu does not derive from Cu and that iron has another origin.
Here are some results, according to L. Randoin, of a few cases of variations in oligo elements:
In the dried chestnut, iron is multiplied by 2.3 and copper by 1.08, so that Fe/Cu = 1.33 in the fresh chestnut and 2.86 in the dried – a 117% increase. These findings seem to indicate that some copper became iron.
However, for the fig we have:
Fe/Cu = 1.50/0.06 = 25 in the fresh fruit
3.0/0.35 = 8.57 in the dried fruit
Hence Fe/Cu is 191 % higher in the fresh chestnut than in the dried. Iron only doubles, while the water content is 3.4 times less. On the other hand, copper increases 5.8 times. Thus, some iron disappeared and the amount of copper increased.
In the peach the concentration of mineral elements is five times greater; the water content is 3.58 times less. But it is not the same for the oligo elements.
The Fe/Cu ratio is:
0.40/0.05 = 8 in the fresh fruit
4.0/0.26 = 11.1 in the dried fruit
There is thus ten times more iron and five times more copper, indicating that the very noticeable variation of Fe/Cu does not derive from Cu and that iron has another origin.
Re: Transmutation
Exploring the Science of Alchemy in Life Processes
Rethinking Biology
It was in 1988 that a friend asked me if I would be willing to repeat the experiments of Louis Kervran. He had observed that chickens fed a calcium free diet still produced normal eggshells when potassium in the form of mica was available. Conventional science states that such chemical element transmutations, in this case from potassium into calcium, are totally impossible. The consequences of mainstream science being so wrong would be nothing short of revolutionary. The very foundations of science would need rethinking.
Then, seven years later, I was asked again. This time it was by the daughter of the recently deceased Professor LWJ Holleman. She wanted her father's biological transmutation research to be continued. I agreed to compile, translate and publish, with comments, the unfinshed review article that was the culmination of his life's work. In Holleman I had discovered an analytical chemist with a careful, critical approach towards an understanding of a phenomenon about which I was, by then, merely torn between open-mindedness and scepticism.
Holleman was inspired by the work of two men. Firstly, Rudolf Steiner, whose biodynamic agriculture lectures Holleman obtained in 1933. In his copy he underlined just one sentence from the fifth lecture; that biological transmutations of chemical elements may be ascertained even by the purely external standards of quantitative analytical chemistry. His other inspiration was that of the chemist Herzeele who was, in turn, inspired by Goethe. He believed that inorganic nature was a product of the organic.
In the hopes of overcoming the challenge of statistical variability Holleman later chose to use the microscopic single celled green alga Chlorella, so that the elemental composition of an extremely large number of individuals, contained within just a few small culture dishes, could be studied over a number of generations. In 1981 Holleman's Chlorella experiments produced positive, though unexpected, results. The potassium concentration in the first culture cycles initially decreased, but then increased back to its original level. Detailed considerations of possible errors by both Holleman and myself have proved negative. However, further improvements to his experimental methodology failed to obtain positive results.
Because of my publishing this work on the Internet the Professor Dr L. W. J. Holleman Stichting, a not-for-profit foundation set up to further Holleman's research ideas, was contacted by Professor Jean Paul Biberian of the Marseilles Luminy University. He is a physicist with an interest both in biological transmutations and the related phenomenon of 'cold fusion'. Financial support from the Triodos Bank enabled him to conduct preliminary experiments with the marine bacterium Marinobacter.
The results of Biberian's experiments, conducted during 2003/4 were just as unexpected and inexplicable as Holleman's were before him. Taken as a whole they were extremely variable and no general trends could be clearly made out. However one set of results was completely inexplicable. Two parallel, supposedly identical, experimental cultures showed equal but opposite elemental deviations from the original nutrient solution. However, since each of the individual chemical elemental deviations were not equal, one dish could not have merely obtained culture solution from the other through spillage. With both Holleman's and Biberian's results it was as if somehow the fundamental conservation laws of matter were capable of transcending space or time.
As a step towards understanding such a phenomenon I accepted Biberian's invitation to attend the 11th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (cold fusion) ICCF-11 in November 2004. Whilst mainstream quantum mechanics states that chemically assisted nuclear reactions are impossible, the evidence presented was sufficient even for sceptics to acknowledge that 'anomalous behaviour' had been observed. Of note was that the outwardly irreproducible nature of the results fell within a consistent pattern.
The Ukrainian nuclear physicist Vladimir Vysotskii presented some of his latest biological transmutation research at the conference. His initial research, published in the book co-authored with Alla Kornilova, a nuclear physicist from Moscow State University, Nuclear Fusion and Transmutation of Isotopes in Biological Systems - by far the best on the subject - involved using his knowledge of conventional nuclear physics to identify a single nuclear reaction that produces an isotope of iron not normally found in nature. Using a number of bacteria species (including Deinococcus radiodurans) capable of growing in a hostile culture solution containing heavy water (water containing the heavier deuterium isotope of hydrogen). Isotopes are chemical elements with different atomic weights. Some are stable and naturally occurring, though most are radioactively unstable. A change in isotopic composition can only occur by means of a nuclear reaction. All chemical element transmutations are, in fact, isotopic transmutations. Isotopic analysis is therefore essential for an understanding of the physical aspects of such phenomena.
Also present at the original meeting of Biberian, in November 2001, with members of the Holleman Stichting, was Dr. Jennifer Greene, an Anthroposophical scientist and expert in the life giving properties of water. She proposed that I should search for a scientific paradigm within which such phenomena may be understood. This was unanimously agreed by all present. For me, however, this was a huge emotional/intellectual commitment. I had, at that time, yet to find any incontravertable evidence for biological transmutations. The possibilities of error always haunted me. I was also unaware of anyone who had devised the beginnings of either a plausible theory, or a framework within which one might be developed. Nevertheless, 7 years after being asked to further Holleman's research, I accepted.
Using Holleman as my inspiration, I made the decision to start with Goethe. Eventually this led to my discovering Nick Thomas's linked space-counterspace work, my initial understading of which I presented as a poster display at the ICCF11 conference. The paradigm was, however, too far away from that which most - even open-minded - scientists were willing to consider. If it were not for the long, slow, challenging journey that I have made via Goethean plant observation I too would be extremely sceptical. For a non-Anthroposophist, especially for a conventionally trained scientist, a paradigm of reality involving a dual etheric aspect is something that is totally alien. Nevertheless, Thomas' work appears to be the most promising framework within which such phenomena at the boundaries of natural science may begin to be understood.
My work has only just started. Both evidence and theory are a long way from being acceptable to either sceptical mainstream or Anthroposophical scientists. However, Baumgartner's meticulous attempted replication of Hauschka's earlier experiments was a notable exception. Nevertheless, the challenging nature of the subject led to inconclusive results. If it was easy it would already be part of mainstream science. To design better experiments one needs expertise in biology, analytical chemistry, nuclear physics, and one might also add, bio-dynamics.
Like Holleman before me, I believe that the way in which the phenomenon is approached is essential to its understanding. Holleman proposed working within a Goethean paradigm that is complimentary to the mainstream analytic approach. There are many great scientists, engineers, mathematicians, philosophers, farmers, artists, doctors and teachers with an interest in the works of Goethe and Steiner. What I desire is to be given the opportunity to meet with some of them, to learn from them, and apply their knowledge towards the question that drove Holleman all his life; are chemical elements fixed immutable objects incapable of change except in high energy nuclear reactions? For most Anthroposophists, a living natural world is a fundamental spiritual truth. It is the illucidation of the relationships between the physical and the living that is the concern of myself and the Holleman Stichting.
For further reading I can recommend:
Baumgartner, S., Hauschkas Wägeversuche: Gewichtsvariationen Keimender Pflanzen im geschlossenen System, Mathematisch-Astronomische Blätter, Neuer Folge, Band 16 (Dornach: Philosophisch-Anthroposophischer Verlag am Goetheanum, 1992).
Bortoft, H., The Wholeness of Nature: Goethe's Way of Science, (Edinburgh: Floris Books, 1996).
David Cuthbertson's website Science in the Green
Nick Thomas's projective geometry website.
This website
Isis Brook's phenomenology website.
Thomas, N., Science Between Space and Counterspace: Exploring the Significance of Negative Space, (London: New Science Books, 1999).
Vysotskii, V.I., Nuclear Fusion and Transmutation of Isotopes in Biological Systems, (Moscow: Mir, 2003) in English and Russian.
David Cuthbertson, 50 Balsdean Road, Brighton, Sussex, BN2 6PF
Email: scienceinthegreen@gmail.com
Rethinking Biology
It was in 1988 that a friend asked me if I would be willing to repeat the experiments of Louis Kervran. He had observed that chickens fed a calcium free diet still produced normal eggshells when potassium in the form of mica was available. Conventional science states that such chemical element transmutations, in this case from potassium into calcium, are totally impossible. The consequences of mainstream science being so wrong would be nothing short of revolutionary. The very foundations of science would need rethinking.
Then, seven years later, I was asked again. This time it was by the daughter of the recently deceased Professor LWJ Holleman. She wanted her father's biological transmutation research to be continued. I agreed to compile, translate and publish, with comments, the unfinshed review article that was the culmination of his life's work. In Holleman I had discovered an analytical chemist with a careful, critical approach towards an understanding of a phenomenon about which I was, by then, merely torn between open-mindedness and scepticism.
Holleman was inspired by the work of two men. Firstly, Rudolf Steiner, whose biodynamic agriculture lectures Holleman obtained in 1933. In his copy he underlined just one sentence from the fifth lecture; that biological transmutations of chemical elements may be ascertained even by the purely external standards of quantitative analytical chemistry. His other inspiration was that of the chemist Herzeele who was, in turn, inspired by Goethe. He believed that inorganic nature was a product of the organic.
In the hopes of overcoming the challenge of statistical variability Holleman later chose to use the microscopic single celled green alga Chlorella, so that the elemental composition of an extremely large number of individuals, contained within just a few small culture dishes, could be studied over a number of generations. In 1981 Holleman's Chlorella experiments produced positive, though unexpected, results. The potassium concentration in the first culture cycles initially decreased, but then increased back to its original level. Detailed considerations of possible errors by both Holleman and myself have proved negative. However, further improvements to his experimental methodology failed to obtain positive results.
Because of my publishing this work on the Internet the Professor Dr L. W. J. Holleman Stichting, a not-for-profit foundation set up to further Holleman's research ideas, was contacted by Professor Jean Paul Biberian of the Marseilles Luminy University. He is a physicist with an interest both in biological transmutations and the related phenomenon of 'cold fusion'. Financial support from the Triodos Bank enabled him to conduct preliminary experiments with the marine bacterium Marinobacter.
The results of Biberian's experiments, conducted during 2003/4 were just as unexpected and inexplicable as Holleman's were before him. Taken as a whole they were extremely variable and no general trends could be clearly made out. However one set of results was completely inexplicable. Two parallel, supposedly identical, experimental cultures showed equal but opposite elemental deviations from the original nutrient solution. However, since each of the individual chemical elemental deviations were not equal, one dish could not have merely obtained culture solution from the other through spillage. With both Holleman's and Biberian's results it was as if somehow the fundamental conservation laws of matter were capable of transcending space or time.
As a step towards understanding such a phenomenon I accepted Biberian's invitation to attend the 11th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (cold fusion) ICCF-11 in November 2004. Whilst mainstream quantum mechanics states that chemically assisted nuclear reactions are impossible, the evidence presented was sufficient even for sceptics to acknowledge that 'anomalous behaviour' had been observed. Of note was that the outwardly irreproducible nature of the results fell within a consistent pattern.
The Ukrainian nuclear physicist Vladimir Vysotskii presented some of his latest biological transmutation research at the conference. His initial research, published in the book co-authored with Alla Kornilova, a nuclear physicist from Moscow State University, Nuclear Fusion and Transmutation of Isotopes in Biological Systems - by far the best on the subject - involved using his knowledge of conventional nuclear physics to identify a single nuclear reaction that produces an isotope of iron not normally found in nature. Using a number of bacteria species (including Deinococcus radiodurans) capable of growing in a hostile culture solution containing heavy water (water containing the heavier deuterium isotope of hydrogen). Isotopes are chemical elements with different atomic weights. Some are stable and naturally occurring, though most are radioactively unstable. A change in isotopic composition can only occur by means of a nuclear reaction. All chemical element transmutations are, in fact, isotopic transmutations. Isotopic analysis is therefore essential for an understanding of the physical aspects of such phenomena.
Also present at the original meeting of Biberian, in November 2001, with members of the Holleman Stichting, was Dr. Jennifer Greene, an Anthroposophical scientist and expert in the life giving properties of water. She proposed that I should search for a scientific paradigm within which such phenomena may be understood. This was unanimously agreed by all present. For me, however, this was a huge emotional/intellectual commitment. I had, at that time, yet to find any incontravertable evidence for biological transmutations. The possibilities of error always haunted me. I was also unaware of anyone who had devised the beginnings of either a plausible theory, or a framework within which one might be developed. Nevertheless, 7 years after being asked to further Holleman's research, I accepted.
Using Holleman as my inspiration, I made the decision to start with Goethe. Eventually this led to my discovering Nick Thomas's linked space-counterspace work, my initial understading of which I presented as a poster display at the ICCF11 conference. The paradigm was, however, too far away from that which most - even open-minded - scientists were willing to consider. If it were not for the long, slow, challenging journey that I have made via Goethean plant observation I too would be extremely sceptical. For a non-Anthroposophist, especially for a conventionally trained scientist, a paradigm of reality involving a dual etheric aspect is something that is totally alien. Nevertheless, Thomas' work appears to be the most promising framework within which such phenomena at the boundaries of natural science may begin to be understood.
My work has only just started. Both evidence and theory are a long way from being acceptable to either sceptical mainstream or Anthroposophical scientists. However, Baumgartner's meticulous attempted replication of Hauschka's earlier experiments was a notable exception. Nevertheless, the challenging nature of the subject led to inconclusive results. If it was easy it would already be part of mainstream science. To design better experiments one needs expertise in biology, analytical chemistry, nuclear physics, and one might also add, bio-dynamics.
Like Holleman before me, I believe that the way in which the phenomenon is approached is essential to its understanding. Holleman proposed working within a Goethean paradigm that is complimentary to the mainstream analytic approach. There are many great scientists, engineers, mathematicians, philosophers, farmers, artists, doctors and teachers with an interest in the works of Goethe and Steiner. What I desire is to be given the opportunity to meet with some of them, to learn from them, and apply their knowledge towards the question that drove Holleman all his life; are chemical elements fixed immutable objects incapable of change except in high energy nuclear reactions? For most Anthroposophists, a living natural world is a fundamental spiritual truth. It is the illucidation of the relationships between the physical and the living that is the concern of myself and the Holleman Stichting.
For further reading I can recommend:
Baumgartner, S., Hauschkas Wägeversuche: Gewichtsvariationen Keimender Pflanzen im geschlossenen System, Mathematisch-Astronomische Blätter, Neuer Folge, Band 16 (Dornach: Philosophisch-Anthroposophischer Verlag am Goetheanum, 1992).
Bortoft, H., The Wholeness of Nature: Goethe's Way of Science, (Edinburgh: Floris Books, 1996).
David Cuthbertson's website Science in the Green
Nick Thomas's projective geometry website.
This website
Isis Brook's phenomenology website.
Thomas, N., Science Between Space and Counterspace: Exploring the Significance of Negative Space, (London: New Science Books, 1999).
Vysotskii, V.I., Nuclear Fusion and Transmutation of Isotopes in Biological Systems, (Moscow: Mir, 2003) in English and Russian.
David Cuthbertson, 50 Balsdean Road, Brighton, Sussex, BN2 6PF
Email: scienceinthegreen@gmail.com
Re: Transmutation
Exploring the Science of Alchemy in Life Processes
A nuclear reactor in a living cell?
Created on 04/13/2014 Author: Anatoly Lemysh
FacePla.net [SCIENCEPICTURES.BLOG]
Наука [The science]
[This is a working translation produced by Google Translate]
Vysotsky Vladimir Ivanovich
What says Vladimir Vysotsky, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor, head of the department of Kyiv National University. T. Shevchenko, does not fit into the usual scientific framework. His experiments recorded that biological systems can, conditionally speaking, arrange small nuclear reactors inside themselves. Inside the cells, some elements are transformed into others. With the help of this effect, it is possible to achieve, for example, an accelerated disposal of radioactive cesium-137, which is still poisoning the Chernobyl zone.
"Vladimir Ivanovich, you and I have known each other for many years." You told me about your experiments with Chernobyl radioactive water and biological cultures, which deactivate this water. Frankly, such things are perceived today as an example of parascience, and for many years I have not refused to write about them. However, your new results show that there is something in it ...
- I completed a large cycle of works, started back in 1990. These studies have shown that in certain biological systems, sufficiently effective isotope transformations can take place. I stress that it is not chemical reactions, but nuclear reactions, however fantastic it may sound. And we are not talking about chemical elements as such, namely, their isotopes. What is the fundamental difference? Chemical elements are difficult to identify, they can appear as an impurity, they can be brought into the sample accidentally. And when the isotope ratio changes, it is a more reliable marker.
- Explain, please, your thought.
- The simplest version: we take a cuvette, we plant biological culture in it. We close tightly. Is in nuclear physics so-called. The Mossbauer effect, which makes it possible to very accurately determine the resonance in certain nuclei of the elements. We, in particular, were interested in the iron isotope Fe57 . This is a fairly rare isotope, its in terrestrial rocks is about 2%, it is difficult to separate from the ordinary iron Fe5 6, and therefore it is quite expensive. So: in our experiments we took manganese Mn55. If a proton is added to it, then the reaction of nuclear fusion can produce the ordinary iron Fe56. This is already a colossal achievement. But how to prove this process with even greater reliability? And here's how: we grew a culture on heavy water, where instead of a proton the deuteron! As a result, we received Fe57, the above-mentioned Mossbauer effect confirmed this unambiguously. In the absence of iron in the initial solution, after the activity of biological culture, it appeared from somewhere in it, and this isotope, which in terrestrial rocks is very small! And here - about 50%. That is, there is no other way out than to admit that a nuclear reaction took place here.
Next, we began to model the process, determined more efficient environments and components. We managed to find a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon. In the process of growth of biological culture, this growth is uneven, in some areas potential "pits" are formed, in which the Coulomb barrier that prevents the fusion of the nucleus of the atom and the proton is removed for a short time. This is the same nuclear effect used by Andrea Rossi in her E-SAT apparatus. Only in Russia is the fusion of the nucleus of the atom of nickel and hydrogen, and here - the nuclei of manganese and deuterium.
The framework of a growing biological structure forms such states in which nuclear reactions are possible. This is not a mystical, not an alchemical process, but quite real, fixed in our experiments.
- How noticeable is this process? Why it can be used?
- The idea that arose from the very beginning: let's produce rare isotopes! The same Fe57, the cost of 1 gram in the 90s was 10 thousand dollars, now twice as much. Then there were arguments: if this way it is possible to convert stable isotopes, then what will happen if we try to work with radioactive isotopes? We put the experiment. They took water from the first circuit of the reactor, in it the richest spectrum of radioisotopes. We have prepared a complex of biocultures that are resistant to radiation. And measured how the radioactivity in the chamber varies. There is a standard decay rate. And we determined that in our "broth" activity drops three times faster. This applies to short-lived isotopes, for example, sodium. The isotope from radioactive is converted into inactive, stable.
Then we put the same experiment on cesium-137 - the most dangerous of those that "awarded" us Chernobyl. The experience is very simple: we put a camera with a solution, where there was cesium plus our biological culture, and measured the activity. Under normal conditions, the half-life of cesium-137 is 30.17 years. In our cell this half-life was fixed for 250 days. Thus, the rate of utilization of the isotope increased tens of times!
These results were repeatedly published by our group in scientific journals, and just one more day there should be another article on this topic in the European physics journal - with new data. And the old ones are published in two books - one published in Mir publishing house in 2003, it has long become a bibliographic rarity, and the second has recently been published in India in English under the title "Transmutation of stable and decontamination of radioactive waste in growing biological systems".
Briefly, the essence of these books is this: we have proved that cesium-137 can be accelerated deactivated in biological media. Specially selected cultures allow the launch of nuclear transmutation of cesium-137 in barium-138. This is a stable isotope. And this spectrometer perfectly showed this barium! For 100 days of experiment, our activity fell by 25%. Although the theory (30 years of half-life) had to change by a fraction of a percent.
We conducted hundreds of experiments since 1992, on pure cultures, on their associations, and isolated mixtures in which this effect on transmutation manifests itself most strongly.
These experiments, by the way, are confirmed by "field" observations. My physicist friends from Belarus, who have studied the Chernobyl zone in detail for many years, found that in some isolated objects (for example, a sort of clay bowl where radioactivity can not go into the soil, but only ideally, exponentially, disintegrate), so, in such zones, they sometimes show a strange decrease in the content of cesium-137. Activity falls incomparably faster than it should be "in science." For them, this is a big mystery. And my experiments clarify this riddle.
Last year I was at a conference in Italy, the organizers specifically found me, invited me, paid all the expenses, I gave a report on my experiments. I was consulted by organizations from Japan, after Fukushima they had a huge problem with contaminated water, and the method of biological purification from cesium-137 was extremely interesting. The equipment here needs the most primitive, the main one is a biological culture adapted for cesium-137.
- Did you give the Japanese a sample of your bioculture?
- Well, according to the law, samples of crops are prohibited to be imported through customs. Categorically. Of course, I do not take anything with me. It is necessary to agree on a serious level how to do this kind of supply. Yes, and you need to produce biomaterial on the spot. It will take a lot.
A nuclear reactor in a living cell?
Created on 04/13/2014 Author: Anatoly Lemysh
FacePla.net [SCIENCEPICTURES.BLOG]
Наука [The science]
[This is a working translation produced by Google Translate]
Vysotsky Vladimir Ivanovich
What says Vladimir Vysotsky, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor, head of the department of Kyiv National University. T. Shevchenko, does not fit into the usual scientific framework. His experiments recorded that biological systems can, conditionally speaking, arrange small nuclear reactors inside themselves. Inside the cells, some elements are transformed into others. With the help of this effect, it is possible to achieve, for example, an accelerated disposal of radioactive cesium-137, which is still poisoning the Chernobyl zone.
"Vladimir Ivanovich, you and I have known each other for many years." You told me about your experiments with Chernobyl radioactive water and biological cultures, which deactivate this water. Frankly, such things are perceived today as an example of parascience, and for many years I have not refused to write about them. However, your new results show that there is something in it ...
- I completed a large cycle of works, started back in 1990. These studies have shown that in certain biological systems, sufficiently effective isotope transformations can take place. I stress that it is not chemical reactions, but nuclear reactions, however fantastic it may sound. And we are not talking about chemical elements as such, namely, their isotopes. What is the fundamental difference? Chemical elements are difficult to identify, they can appear as an impurity, they can be brought into the sample accidentally. And when the isotope ratio changes, it is a more reliable marker.
- Explain, please, your thought.
- The simplest version: we take a cuvette, we plant biological culture in it. We close tightly. Is in nuclear physics so-called. The Mossbauer effect, which makes it possible to very accurately determine the resonance in certain nuclei of the elements. We, in particular, were interested in the iron isotope Fe57 . This is a fairly rare isotope, its in terrestrial rocks is about 2%, it is difficult to separate from the ordinary iron Fe5 6, and therefore it is quite expensive. So: in our experiments we took manganese Mn55. If a proton is added to it, then the reaction of nuclear fusion can produce the ordinary iron Fe56. This is already a colossal achievement. But how to prove this process with even greater reliability? And here's how: we grew a culture on heavy water, where instead of a proton the deuteron! As a result, we received Fe57, the above-mentioned Mossbauer effect confirmed this unambiguously. In the absence of iron in the initial solution, after the activity of biological culture, it appeared from somewhere in it, and this isotope, which in terrestrial rocks is very small! And here - about 50%. That is, there is no other way out than to admit that a nuclear reaction took place here.
Next, we began to model the process, determined more efficient environments and components. We managed to find a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon. In the process of growth of biological culture, this growth is uneven, in some areas potential "pits" are formed, in which the Coulomb barrier that prevents the fusion of the nucleus of the atom and the proton is removed for a short time. This is the same nuclear effect used by Andrea Rossi in her E-SAT apparatus. Only in Russia is the fusion of the nucleus of the atom of nickel and hydrogen, and here - the nuclei of manganese and deuterium.
The framework of a growing biological structure forms such states in which nuclear reactions are possible. This is not a mystical, not an alchemical process, but quite real, fixed in our experiments.
- How noticeable is this process? Why it can be used?
- The idea that arose from the very beginning: let's produce rare isotopes! The same Fe57, the cost of 1 gram in the 90s was 10 thousand dollars, now twice as much. Then there were arguments: if this way it is possible to convert stable isotopes, then what will happen if we try to work with radioactive isotopes? We put the experiment. They took water from the first circuit of the reactor, in it the richest spectrum of radioisotopes. We have prepared a complex of biocultures that are resistant to radiation. And measured how the radioactivity in the chamber varies. There is a standard decay rate. And we determined that in our "broth" activity drops three times faster. This applies to short-lived isotopes, for example, sodium. The isotope from radioactive is converted into inactive, stable.
Then we put the same experiment on cesium-137 - the most dangerous of those that "awarded" us Chernobyl. The experience is very simple: we put a camera with a solution, where there was cesium plus our biological culture, and measured the activity. Under normal conditions, the half-life of cesium-137 is 30.17 years. In our cell this half-life was fixed for 250 days. Thus, the rate of utilization of the isotope increased tens of times!
These results were repeatedly published by our group in scientific journals, and just one more day there should be another article on this topic in the European physics journal - with new data. And the old ones are published in two books - one published in Mir publishing house in 2003, it has long become a bibliographic rarity, and the second has recently been published in India in English under the title "Transmutation of stable and decontamination of radioactive waste in growing biological systems".
Briefly, the essence of these books is this: we have proved that cesium-137 can be accelerated deactivated in biological media. Specially selected cultures allow the launch of nuclear transmutation of cesium-137 in barium-138. This is a stable isotope. And this spectrometer perfectly showed this barium! For 100 days of experiment, our activity fell by 25%. Although the theory (30 years of half-life) had to change by a fraction of a percent.
We conducted hundreds of experiments since 1992, on pure cultures, on their associations, and isolated mixtures in which this effect on transmutation manifests itself most strongly.
These experiments, by the way, are confirmed by "field" observations. My physicist friends from Belarus, who have studied the Chernobyl zone in detail for many years, found that in some isolated objects (for example, a sort of clay bowl where radioactivity can not go into the soil, but only ideally, exponentially, disintegrate), so, in such zones, they sometimes show a strange decrease in the content of cesium-137. Activity falls incomparably faster than it should be "in science." For them, this is a big mystery. And my experiments clarify this riddle.
Last year I was at a conference in Italy, the organizers specifically found me, invited me, paid all the expenses, I gave a report on my experiments. I was consulted by organizations from Japan, after Fukushima they had a huge problem with contaminated water, and the method of biological purification from cesium-137 was extremely interesting. The equipment here needs the most primitive, the main one is a biological culture adapted for cesium-137.
- Did you give the Japanese a sample of your bioculture?
- Well, according to the law, samples of crops are prohibited to be imported through customs. Categorically. Of course, I do not take anything with me. It is necessary to agree on a serious level how to do this kind of supply. Yes, and you need to produce biomaterial on the spot. It will take a lot.