Preparation name
	Preparation category
	Manufacturer's name
	Natural Order
	Common Name
	Latin Name
	Chemical Formula
	Mother tincture made
	General description

Named Issues
Ripening (57)
General Appearance
After Voegele administered a seed bath of 500, 503 and 505, more 'earthly' calcium-type grwoth developed, the wheat became more bulky and horizontally orientated. On the other hand when he administered 501, 506 and 507, the wheat growth became more of the vertically-orientated, 'cosmic' silica type. (29) Weakened plant metabolism (1056)
Roots
Root length density increased by 48% and root weight by 17% compared to raw manure and un-prepared manure. No increase in yield (of proso millet) (29)
Stem/trunk and bark - capillary system
Leaves
..relatively high dressings of biodynamically treated slurry not only produced corresponding yields of clover grass but also a high percentage of clover in turf. (29) Mr Rasmussen (Secretary of the bio-dynamic work in Denmark)- "FOR several years we have used widely the Preparations 502-507 as a spray directly to the plants. (Prep 502-506 stirred for one hour, and 507 only the last 15 minutes, in the same water. About 2 sets of Preparations per acre.) We have found this application to be highly effective against most symptoms of what me be described as a weakened metabolism in plants, showing itself in discolouration, or lack of natural colour. ... with 1 or 2 (in very difficult cases even 3) applications of 502-507, prepared as described above, and applied in intervals of 4 or 5 days, the discolouration disappears and the plants regain their natural colour. (1056)
Flowers
When sprayed over strawberry plants these have grown very strongly but not produced much blossom. Perhaps this is too one-sided and needed 501 to balance it. (57)
Generative organs
Fruit
When stirred in water for one hour and sprayed over tomatoes plants this has cured green back and uneven ripening in tomatoes. One portion to 2-3 gallons of water. (57) Not quite so certain but an immense help is the application of 502-507 to tomatoes against 'green heads' but here it must be applied several times. Then only a few tomatoes will be left who will not show full red colour. (1056)
Seed
Notes and Academic Papers
The [field spray] preparations tend to encourage whichever pole they govern and not to harmonise and balance the activity of the spiritual bodies. So their use, particularly 501, should be made with discretion. The compost preparations act as a 'second tier' of the same activity. From the model [spiral astrology] it is apparent that the 'outer planet' preparations are associated with the silica prep. and the 'inner planet' preparations work with the manure prep. The compost preps work more specifically thatn the 500 and 501 and appear softer in their action. They appear to do the job of bringing any specific activity into the right relationship with the others, without affecting the essential nature of the plant, so these preprations can be considered tools of dynamic husbandry. (48) preparations 502-507 strengthen the plants in general in their growth. (1041) Water extracts of finished composts were then used to fertigate wheat seedlings, with and without added inorganic fertilizer. BD-treated mixtures had significantly greater dehydrogenase activity than did untreated (control) mixtures during composting, suggesting greater microbial activity in BD-treated compost. In both years there was a distinct compost effect on wheat shoot and root biomass irrespective of supplemental fertilizer. Shoot biomass was highest in all treatments receiving 1% compost extract. Wheat seedlings that received 1% compost extract in 2005 grew similar root and shoot biomass as fertilized seedlings, despite only containing 30% as much nitrogen as the fertilizer treatment. In both years seedlings that received fertilizer plus 1% compost extract produced 22-61% more shoot biomass and 40- 66% more root biomass than seedlings that received fertilizer alone, even at higher rates. In 2002 a 1% extract of BD compost grew 7% taller wheat seedlings than did 1% extract of untreated compost. At 0.1% only BD extract grew taller plants than water, but in 2002 only. No effect on shoot or root biomass was seen at 0.1%. (1644)

Soil characterisation
Soil leaching (29) Mineral availability (197)
Soil surface
N2 fixation and decomposition of cellulose was strongest following soil dressings with biodynamic composts. (29)
Top soil
Preparations 502-507 can be diluted in the same fashion as 500 and sprayed on the land in the spring or just before or just after seeding (sowing). They make available the otherwise unavailable part of the minerals, especially the phosphorus and potash in the soil. One gets a quick and fast growth of grain, a kind of pushing action, and is enabled to beat the weather. Here we can compete with mineral fertilisers. Analyses supporting this statement will soon be published. This procedure, however, is a two edged sword. For it will, if applied to a poor soil, deplete the soil. It will work only on improved soils with live organic matter. (197)
Drainage
Abele (1987) using 3 kg soil columns, measured nitrate leaching over 16 days from fertiliser, compost and biodynamic compost giving 45.8 mg, 34.0 mg and 27.5 mg respectively. (29) A further effect of 500 is a change in structure of the soil, with an increase of porosity. This effect ... is produced ... by the preparations 502-507 if diluted and used as sprays. This was discovered in the laboratory incidentally. It is a remarkable discovery. (197)
Sub soil
Notes and Academic Papers
Fields which do not get manured in one particular year can still receive the benefit of these preparations if we stir them in water for one hour as we do 500 and 501. In fact they are best stirred together with 500. The symtoms of deficiency diseases (manganese, potassium) will disappear... we use one portion (1-2g) of each preparation per four gallons of water. More dos not make the spray more effective, repetition does. (57)

Syndrome
Smelly slurry (29)
Heap surface
Fungi appear on the surface of the dung and white fungous threads and points below the surface or inside. (192)
Inner heap
E v Wistinghausen (1986) demonstrated that piles treated with preparations show a more narrow C:N. The ammonia content of composts with and without preparations was 12.6 and 74.9 ppm respectively and nitrates were 60 and 35 ppm respectively. (29) ..relatively high dressings of biodynamically treated slurry not only produced corresponding yields of clover grass but also a high percentage of clover in turf. (29) .. the preparations are applied straight to the dung in the cowshed. .. the loss of nitrogen is reduced 10-15%. In the dry substance .. we have 2% nitrogen compared with 0.7% formerly (192) Researches have shown that, during the rotting process, the bacterial content of such a manure pile is 10 times that of one not treated in this way. Especially noticeable is the presence of a large number of earthworms (1041) Enhancement of nutrients and maturation of compost were studied between normal compost heap and compost heap inoculated with biodynamic herbal preparations (BD502-BD507). The compost heap inoculated with BD herbal preparations reduced the time of compost maturity and enhanced the nutrients significantly. The biodynamic compost such as BDC, BDCV-II and BDCV-I recorded for a significant reduction of C: N ratio (13:1, 14:1 and 12:1) on day 105 whereas the compost without BD herbal preparations recorded for high level of C: N ratio (19:1) on day 105. (1567) [Do...] biodynamic preparations (CMBD treatment) cause positive effects additional to those of composted cattle farmyard manure fertilization (CM treatment)? ..... Application of biodynamic preparations did not cause any positive effects additional to those of composted farmyard manure fertilization. In the CM and CMBD treatments, bacterial PLFA content was 33% higher than in the MIN treatment, whereas bacterial muramic acid (MurN) content was 55% higher. The AMF indicator PLFA 16:1ω5 as well as neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) 16:1ω5 were both increased by roughly 80%, as the NLFA/PLFA ratio of 16:1ω5 varied only in a small range around 3.8. This indicates negligible interference from bacteria, suggesting that PLFA 16:1ω5 is a suitable marker for AMF biomass in soil. The indicators for saprotrophic fungi, the ergosterol content and the contribution of 18:2ω6,9 to total PLFA (mol%) were 40 and 60% higher, respectively, in the CM and CMBD than in the MIN treatments. In contrast, fungal GlcN was not affected by the fertilizer treatments. An increased ergosterol/fungal GlcN ratio indicates a shift in fungal community from AMF towards saprotrophic fungi in arable soils. (1612) Grape pomace and manure compost treated with biodynamic preparations 502 through 507 showed increased ammonium concentration, higher dehydrogenase activity and increased growth response of wheat seedlings in 2002. Compost in 2003 developed a high pH, lost substantial N, and supported less aerobic microbial activity. The biodynamic preparations were not shown to have an effect during these adverse composting conditions. (1645) Final samples of BD treated compost had 65% more nitrate than the control piles. (1647)
Leachate
Smell
Abele (1976) for the German Biodynamic Institue for the Federal Ministry of Agriculture (Germany) showed that .. biodynamic preparations .. resulted in reduced smell and increased the plants tolerance of slurry applications. (29) This brings about a remarkable change in the smell of the cowshed, and of the pigsty as well. (192)
Notes and Academic Papers
The [field spray] preparations tend to encourage whichever pole they govern and not to harmonise and balance the activity of the spiritual bodies. So their use, particularly 501, should be made with discretion. The compost preparations act as a 'second tier' of the same activity. From the model [spiral astrology] it is apparent that the 'outer planet' preparations are associated with the silica prep. and the 'inner planet' preparations work with the manure prep. The compost preps work more specifically thatn the 500 and 501 and appear softer in their action. They appear to do the job of bringing any specific activity into the right relationship with the others, without affecting the essential nature of the plant, so these preprations can be considered tools of dynamic husbandry. (48) preparations 502-507 strengthen the plants in general in their growth. (1041) Water extracts of finished composts were then used to fertigate wheat seedlings, with and without added inorganic fertilizer. BD-treated mixtures had significantly greater dehydrogenase activity than did untreated (control) mixtures during composting, suggesting greater microbial activity in BD-treated compost. In both years there was a distinct compost effect on wheat shoot and root biomass irrespective of supplemental fertilizer. Shoot biomass was highest in all treatments receiving 1% compost extract. Wheat seedlings that received 1% compost extract in 2005 grew similar root and shoot biomass as fertilized seedlings, despite only containing 30% as much nitrogen as the fertilizer treatment. In both years seedlings that received fertilizer plus 1% compost extract produced 22-61% more shoot biomass and 40- 66% more root biomass than seedlings that received fertilizer alone, even at higher rates. In 2002 a 1% extract of BD compost grew 7% taller wheat seedlings than did 1% extract of untreated compost. At 0.1% only BD extract grew taller plants than water, but in 2002 only. No effect on shoot or root biomass was seen at 0.1%. (1644) These preparations are generally inserted into a compost heap or liquid manure to balance the raw physical, Etheric, Astral and Ego forces released during these decomposition processes (48) To prove the efficacy of the combined preparation ... it was tested on 18 pigs in three groups. One group got 10g of dried cowdung with their food, another group 10g of the combined preparations. It could be seen by analysing the urine of the pigs that the preparation altered their digestion. (Pigs consume an enormous amount of protein. Because of this, they tend to get fouling processes in their intestines. When outdoors the pig tries to correct this by eating humus. The fungous flora of the humus with its antibiotic effect stops the fouling, poisoning process in the pigs intestine. The same effect was achieved by the small amount of the combined preparation. The pigs put on 200 grammes more weight per day. Bacteriological decay is stemmed and fungoidal flora spread. This flora brings the nitrogen into the stable form required by the roots of the vegetables. Manure of this kind enhances the antibiotic and healing effect of humus when introduced into the soil. (192) Through a kind of hormonal influence, fermentation is guided in a definite direction - the entire fermentation of the pile is given the proper tendency toward humus formation (1041)

Syndrome
Humus creation (57) Odour (191) Stablisation (301)
Water surface
Water body
The small particles of manure within the body of the liquid manure ... can be transformed into humus but only under the influence of the compost preparations. The visible sign of this transformation is the change of colour. The opaque yellow liquid becomes clear and light brown. (57) Most striking was the effect of the preparations upon liquid manure. [Herr Schwarz] had two tubs completely surrounded with earth (but not dug in). In eight weeks the "prepared" liquid manure was odourless and looked like black coffee without any sediment, while after the same time the untreated liquid had not yet settled at all and overflowed in the hot weather. (301)
Pollution determinands
Smell
The effluent changes into a mild, pleasant-smelling liquid manure, stimulating in its effect; the asphyxiating smell of the ammonia is no longer there. After about 6 weeks the the matured liquid is ready for use. When it is prepared in this way there is no rank growth as there is when liquid animal effluent is applied directly. (191)
Notes and Academic Papers

FILTERS FOR THE INFORMATION ABOVE: (Set filters and then re-open sections above) Researchers:

Everyone Herbert H Koepf - Research (29) Glen Atkinson - BD Decoded (48) Katherine Castelliz (57) E Pfeiffer (1041) Notes and Correspondence 31 1955 (1056) Reeve et al 2010 (1644) Star and Furrow 38 (Spring 1972) (197) Star and Furrow 24 (Spring 1965) (191) Notes and Correspondence III 3 (301) Star and Furrow 29 (Autumn 1967) (192) Arunkumar, J. [2011] (1567) Faust et al 2017 (1612) Jennifer Rose Reeve 2003 (1645) Carpenter-Boggs et al 2000 (1647)

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